Electric Motor and its application

 

Limitations of VAVE in Indian Domestic Market

Similar to other technique, value engineering has its own limitations. The most common limitations are that the man-made excuses are the blocks in implementing these plans of value engineering. The most common limitations are as follows.

·       Lack of motivation
·       Resistive to change or adopt new techniques
·       Inertia to do something innovative
·       Lack of knowledge and patience
·       Attitude of ‘It will not work in India
·       We are very small or very big industry
·       This has been tried earlier and failed
·       The change is too big
·       Let competitors try before we try
·       Difficulty of teams meeting or team meeting for getting consensus

 

How to write project description for PMP exam or any other presentation; sample of new product development automotive project description within 200 to 500 words ?

Every project document must have objective so it is project description document and objective is ultimate goal of the project.

 

Project Objective: Complete the product (Shift Tower; an automotive transmission shifting shifting system component) development within given time line and standard of requirement of the OEMs client and base line budget. 

Initiation: Identify key deliverables, risk, assumptions, and constraints in high level of planning. Plan all these high level of task under the the project charter document. Study RFQ drawings, CAD data and plan high-level meetings in order to take approval of project charter. 

Planning: Study of detailed project requirements, constraints, and assumptions with stakeholders and created activity list, resources and activity duration. Conducted kick-off meeting where communicated the start of the project, deliverables and the key milestones. Planned the scope of the project while considering time, cost and quality base lines. Created the work breakdown structure, decomposed and sequenced activities, and developed the project schedule, estimated budget. Defined roles and responsibilities of the project team members to create the resources management plan. 

Execution: Manage project resources, develop and integrate prototypes. Monitoring project progress using PMIS and communicating project status to all the stakeholders. Managed, motivated and led the project team throughout the execution of the project. Conducted weekly project review (PRM) with teams and key stakeholder in order to audit project quality. 

Monitoring and Controlling: Monitor and assess the risk of deliverable, change control system. Review issue logs and update to the stakeholders. Ensured project deliverables conformed to project scope and quality plan. 

Closer: Obtained stakeholders acceptance and created a closure of the project. Created and shared the final project report signed by the concern people as per the communication management plan. Documented lessons learned (TGR/TGW) and conducted a project review to update the organization’s knowledge bank, archived final project documents in order to develop a better document control of the project. 

Outcome of the Project: Product (shift tower) developed and Tested for assembly as per standard of requirements. Outcome and objective should be align and same because your project outcomes define the project quality.

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DISTORTION IN CARBONITRIDING AND NITRO-CARBURIZING HEAT TREATMENT PROCESS

 Hardening of a material is to be done to increase the strength and wear properties.

Case Depth = Distance from Surface to Hardness Limit

Distortion is the major concern in heat treatment process and it is the unexpected or inconsistent change in size and shape of the part.

Size distortion is the result of changes in the metallurgical structure that accompany phase transformations. In Heat treatment, the volume expansion and contraction associated with the crystal structure results in change to the volume and linear dimensions of the part such as elongation, shrinkage, thickening, and thinning. Shape distortion originate from the applied stresses that exceeds the elastic limit of the material and results change the geometrical form of the part, which can include twisting, bending, and non symmetrical dimensions.

Carbonitriding and Nitro-carburizing are both thermo-chemical diffusion process, which utilize the diffusion of carbon and nitrogen to increase the hardness and wear resistance at the surface. Although, both the processes takes place at different temperatures and lead to distortion in the part. However, the main advantage of nitro-carburizing is the minimal distortion associated with the process due to the absence of the phase transformation from austenite to martensite.

In gas nitro-carburizing, the part is heated at the temperature around 570 degrees Celsius, mixed gases with the main ingredient of ammonia gas is added which creates carbides and nitrides to form a compound layer on the surface of the material and resulting in a diffusion layer underneath. This formative nitride layer improves mechanical properties such as wear resistance and strength of the steel part.

Gas nitro-carburizing process can accommodate the trend towards lightening more compact parts from the popularization of electric vehicles and it is considered more eco-friendly heat treatment method that is why it continues to increase and is adapted by the manufacturing industries.

In carbonitriding, parts are heated in a sealed chamber into the austenitic range around 850 degrees celsius before nitrogen and carbon are added. The part is heated into the austenitic range of temperature, a phase change in the steel’s crystal structure takes place which allows carbon and nitrogen atoms to diffuse into the part.

Experimental Results

Conclusion: The Nitro-carburizing process can be the perfect replacement of carbonitriding heat treatment when low carbon steel(SAE 1010, SAE 1018, IS513 etc) is subjected to the light load applications, close fitting assemblies where wear resistance is required at part surface. Nitro-carburizing of low carbon steel gives you less dimensional changes in size and shape as compared to carbonitriding. The minimal changes associated with nitrocarburizing process lays in lower temperature and lack of phase transformation from austenite to martensite.

GRAB THE BENEFITS OF AUTODESK INVENTOR NASTRAN

Autodesk Inventor Nastran embedded with FEA Technology is a mechanical simulation tool, which was developed by Autodesk Inc. USA. Initially, the Nastran software was developed for NASA but now adopted by Autodesk as well which offers FEA simulation capabilities. This software simulates the mechanical structures and analyze the environmental conditions in order to check the responses of the structure. This tool is useful to simulate the linear and nonlinear FEA studies.

Apart from general engineering materials, Nastran can also be used to simulate and analyze the latest advanced materials, including composites, plastic, nonlinear elastic, shape memory, hyperelastic, viscoelastic, and brittle materials such as concrete.

It considers the unit system from the CAD, which is attached to the simulation, or else you can also set the units as per the requirements.

If we talk about the number of analyses capabilities, which we can perform, using Inventor Nastran then it supports a wide range of it. First, it is important that you understand the requirements, outputs, and limitations of the analysis type before using it. You can perform the below analysis types by using the software such as;

1. Linear Static
2. Normal Modes
3. Linear Buckling
4. Prestress Static
5. Prestress Normal Modes
6. Nonlinear Static
7. Nonlinear Buckling
8. Direct Transient Response
9. Modal Transient Response
10. Nonlinear Transient Response
11. Direct Frequency Response
12. Modal Frequency Response
13. Random Response
14. Shock/Response Spectrum
15. Multi-Axial Fatigue
16. Vibration Fatigue
17. Linear Steady State Heat Transfer
18. Nonlinear Steady State Heat Transfer
19. Nonlinear Transient Heat Transfer

Inventor Nastran has also enabled the solution for contact analysis; you can set the contact type and tolerance, performance connectors simulation such as bolt etc.. This gives you the power to optimize the mesh to obtain the accurate results.

You can generate the line mesh, which can be used in uniform cross-sectional structures, mid surface mesh and shell mesh for sheet metal parts and solid mesh to generate the solid elements in the structure.

Meshing is the critical operation in FEA so it must be done with real scenarios in the study. In Finite Element Analysis, mesh size is very important; it is closely related to the accuracy and number of the element required in the mesh. By increasing the elements in the simulation, you get better and better results but once you get the optimum size of the mesh to obtain accurate result, it will not effect or difference is very less in the results more an less, you cannot change the other parameters of the simulation.  In other words, keep refining the mesh until you see no difference in your results.

The best part of this product is, Autodesk provides the subscription based licensed for this software at a very economical price. User can subscribe the license based on the need and work, so there is no extra cost for the product. It helps a lot to the independent consultant in order to offer their services at minimum cost. User can opt for the monthly or yearly subscriptions.

Autodesk Inventor Nastran is available as a standalone and network license, which provides consistent user experience, eliminate the need for multiple simulation technologies and delivers CAD-embedded workflow. In this, you can manage the license, transfer the license and it available only in the Product Design & Manufacturing Collection. To try the software capabilities you need to download the Inventor Nastran software and use its trial version free of cost.  For downloading the software use the below given link and you can also extract the price information details, system requirements, OS etc. as per needs.

Autodesk Inventor Nastran